Arahnophobia Research Paper
Arahnophobia
is the special case of zoophobia, the fear of spiders, which is one of the most widespread phobias. People, suffering from arachnophobia are called arachnophobes. Some arachnophobes are much more afraid even not a spider, but an image of spider.
Opposition of arahnophobia is arachnohilia, a disorder in which the patient feels sexual excitation when seeing spiders.
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Researchers from the Sidney University discovered that arahnophobes, despite widespread opinion, “practically does not realize the irrational mechanism of their fear.” It was before considered in psychiatry that outside the phobic situations the patients with phobias were “able adequately to estimate potential danger of meeting with the stimuli of the phobia.” It was considered that they understood, how their fears are irrational and unrealistic, and were able more or less to hold them under control. However, the study of 30 persons showed that patients with phobias not quite well understood nature of their fear, both in presence a phobic stimulus and far from it. It is, therefore, necessary to conduct elucidative work among them and promote the level of their knowledge.
Children are usually very afraid of spiders. Questioning of 22 children with arahnophobia conducted in Netherlands in 1996 showed that “although 46% children asserted that they had always been afraid of spiders, 41% confessed that the fear had been caused by certain stipulating event. These most events were confirmed by parents. These facts compel to doubt that arahnophobia has a non-associative character, id est acquired in complete absence of teaching experience.” In 1997 the same researchers found out the following: “Children reporting about low, middle and high levels of fear, compared to each other on the method of forming of their behaviour. In three groups no differences were educed in regard to frequency of designing or informing method. Thus, the children with the high level of fear reported about a stipulating event more often, than the children with the low or middle level of fear.”
Behavioural therapy is quite effective against arahnophobia, as well as against all other phobias. Also very effective are the forms of confrontation therapy.
Treatment consists in facing directly the reason of the fear, a spider. Many people in the past suffering a phobia, after a successful therapy, hold spiders (as a rule, tarantulas) as home pets (overcompensation of fear). It should be noted that experienced spider-breeders does not advise to rush into extremes: to caress spiders; a strong allergic reaction is possible due to the hairsprings of spiders.
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