Skeletal System Research Paper
The
skeletal system is a set of bones, which makes up the passive part of the musculoskeletal system. It supports the soft tissues, muscles fulcrum (the lever system), and protects the internal organs. The skeletal system develops from the mesenchyme.
The human skeletal system consists of over two hundred bones, and almost all of them are connected in one system with the help of the joints, ligaments, and other tissues.
During the lifetime, the system is constantly undergoing change. During fetal development, the cartilaginous skeleton of the fetus is gradually replaced by bone. This process also continues for several years after birth. A newborn baby has the skeletal system of nearly 270 bones, which is much larger than that of an adult. This difference arose from the fact that children’s skeleton contains a large number of small bones that fuse together into large bone only to a certain age. These are, for example, the bones of the skull, pelvis, and spine. Sacral vertebrae, for example, are fused into a single bone (sacrum) only at the age of 18-25 years. As a result, there remain only 200-213 bones in the grown man’s body, depending on the characteristics of the organism.
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The skeletal system does not include six special bones (three on each side) disposed in the middle ear, auditory ossicles are connected only to each other and are engaged in the hearing organ, performing transmission of the vibrations from tympanic membrane to the inner ear.
Hyoid bone is the only bone that is not directly connected to the other; it is topographically located in the neck, but traditionally refers to the bones of the facial part of the skull. It is suspended in muscles, connecting it to the bones and the skull is connected to the larynx.
The longest bone of the skeleton is the femur, and the smallest one is the stirrup in the middle ear.
In addition to the mechanical functions to maintain body shape, providing the possibility of movement and protection of internal organs, the skeletal system is also a organ of haematopoiesis: the bone marrow is responsible for the formation of new blood cells. (One of the most common diseases affecting the bone marrow is leukemia, often leading to death despite treatment.) Besides, the skeleton, being a repository of most of the calcium and phosphorus, plays an important role in the metabolism of minerals.
If you study skeletal system research paper free sample topics you will know that there are numerous diseases of the skeletal system. Many of them are accompanied by limited mobility and some can lead to the complete immobilization of the body. Serious threat to life and health are malignant and benign bone tumors, often requiring radical surgical treatment, usually the affected limb is amputated. In addition to the bones, joints are often affected.
Joint disease is often accompanied by significant impairment of mobility and severe pain. In osteoporosis, increased fragility of bones, the bones become brittle; it is a systemic skeletal disease that most often occurs in older people and in women after menopause.
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